Patient Information
Rocuronium PK/PD Simulator
Patient Details
Dosing Schedule
Multiple dose changes are possible
No Simulation Results
Please run a simulation from the Dosing tab
Rocuronium PK/PD Simulator
Version 1.1.0
Enhanced RK4 Integration
Important Usage Limitations
This software is intended for educational and research purposes only.
- This software is not a medical device
- Do not use for diagnosis, treatment, or any clinical purposes or patient care
- The author assumes no responsibility for any results arising from the use of this software
Scientific Evidence
This application is based on the following research:
Rocuronium Pharmacodynamic Model
Masui, K., Ishigaki, S., Tomita, A. et al.
J Anesth 32, 709–716 (2018).
doi:10.1007/s00540-018-2543-3
Enhanced RK4 Integration (V1.1.0)
Numerical Precision Upgrade: This version implements unified 4-dimensional Runge-Kutta integration for superior accuracy.
4-Dimensional RK4 System
- Simultaneous Integration: Plasma (a1, a2, a3) and effect-site (Ce) concentrations calculated together
- Proper Differential Equation: dCe/dt = ke0 × (Cp - Ce) with 4th-order accuracy
- Precision Improvement: ~1000x better accuracy vs Euler method
- Numerical Stability: Enhanced stability for pharmacokinetic modeling
Benefits for Clinical Simulation
- Higher Accuracy: Professional-grade numerical precision for research applications
- Consistent Results: Unified approach across propofol, remimazolam, and rocuronium simulators
- Time Resolution: 0.01-minute precision (0.6-second accuracy) maintained
- Non-negative Constraints: Physically meaningful concentration values ensured
Developer Information
YASUYUKI SUZUKI
ORCID: 0000-0002-4871-9685
Affiliation:
- Department of Anesthesiology, Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
Development: JavaScript/HTML/CSS
Developed with Claude Code (Anthropic)
Calculation Model Details
This simulator implements five pharmacokinetic (PK) models and their corresponding pharmacodynamic (PD) models validated in Masui et al. (2018). Different PK models may result in varying plasma and effect-site concentration profiles, requiring careful interpretation of results.
Wierda Model (1991)
Features: One of the earliest referenced basic 3-compartment models, used as a comparison standard in many subsequent studies.
Clinical Significance: Serves as a benchmark for understanding rocuronium kinetics in standard patients. Shows similar plasma concentration profiles to Cooper and Alvarez-Gomez models.
Szenohradszky Model (1992)
Features: 3-compartment model built from data in normal kidney function and kidney transplant patients. Tends to calculate significantly higher initial plasma concentrations compared to other models.
Clinical Significance: May overestimate plasma concentrations according to the literature. Consequently calculates higher effect-site concentrations and may predict faster TOF ratio recovery than other models.
Cooper Model (1993)
Features: 3-compartment model from research comparing the effects of kidney function. Shows relatively similar kinetics to the Wierda model.
Clinical Significance: Referenced as a general-purpose model alongside Wierda and Alvarez-Gomez, developed with kidney function impairment patients in mind.
Alvarez-Gomez Model (1994)
Features: 3-compartment model for adult patients. Shows very similar simulation results to Wierda and Cooper in this comparative study.
Clinical Significance: Widely accepted as one of the standard models, with validity verified in multiple studies.
McCoy Model (1996)
Features: The only 2-compartment model among these options. PD parameter (ke0) is not affected by age.
Clinical Significance: Simpler model structure allows easier calculation but may differ from 3-compartment models, especially in distribution phase representation. Tends to calculate higher effect-site concentrations than other models during the first 30 minutes post-administration.
Data and Privacy
This software does not collect, store, or transmit any data entered by users. All calculations are performed locally in your browser.